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HEATING FURNACE

Heating Furnace

A heating furnace is a device used to heat materials—from low to high temperatures—to a specified temperature. At Tanabe, we have been recommending electric furnaces in recent years in light of efforts to reduce CO2 emissions and achieve carbon neutrality.

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What Is a Heating Furnace?

A heating furnace is a device used to heat materials at temperatures ranging from low to high, bringing them up to a specified temperature. Heat is introduced into the furnace to maintain the temperature. The type of equipment varies depending on the heat source—such as electric or gas—and the size and configuration of the equipment also differ based on the materials being processed. In recent years, due to efforts to reduce CO2 emissions and achieve carbon neutrality, our company recommends electric models.

Features of the Heating Furnace

We can design equipment for a wide range of temperatures, from low to high. There are various types of furnace atmospheres, including inert gases (nitrogen, argon, etc.), oxidizing gases (oxygen, etc.), reducing gases (hydrogen, ammonia, etc.), and carburizing gases (carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon gases). Equipment is designed to accommodate processing times, such as continuous furnaces and batch furnaces. Automation, including door operation, is also available. Fuel options include electric, gas (city gas, propane, LNG), and liquid fuel (heavy oil, kerosene).

Principles, Structure, and Mechanism of Heating Furnaces

Basic Structure of a Heating Furnace

Principles of Heating Furnaces

These are furnaces that use thermal energy to heat materials. They have a wide range of applications and are used in all kinds of industrial settings. Currently, there are electric furnaces and gas furnaces, among others.

Heating Method

Resistance Heating

Resistance heating is a principle that generates heat by utilizing electrical resistance. In a resistance heating furnace, an electric current passes through a heating element made of a highly conductive material, generating heat known as Joule heat. The heating element comes into direct contact with the object and heats it by transferring heat.

Induction Heating

Induction heating is a process that generates heat by creating a high-frequency electromagnetic field, which induces currents within an object. In an induction heating furnace, a high-frequency coil (induction coil) is used to generate an electromagnetic field that acts on the object. When the object is exposed to the electromagnetic field, an induced current is generated within it, producing Joule heat that heats the object.

Cooling Method

There are several common methods for cooling furnaces. Below, we describe some of the most typical cooling methods.

Natural Cooling (Air Cooling)

Natural cooling is a method in which a heating furnace is simply left to cool naturally after the heating process is complete. Since the heat from the furnace is naturally dissipated into the surrounding environment, this is a simple and low-cost cooling method. However, the cooling time may be relatively long.

Forced Cooling (Fan Cooling)

Forced cooling is a method that uses fans or cooling equipment to increase the cooling rate of a heating furnace. Fans circulate cooling air inside the furnace to efficiently remove heat. This reduces cooling time. Forced cooling is effective for processes where cooling speed is critical or when it is necessary to move quickly to the next step.

Water cooling

Water cooling is a method of cooling a heating furnace using water. The cooling water circulates through cooling channels and pipes inside the furnace, absorbing heat and carrying it away. Water cooling offers high cooling capacity and controllability, and is effective in situations involving high temperatures and high heat loads.

Gas cooling

Gas cooling is a method of cooling a heating furnace using gas. Generally, the cooling gas passes through the heating furnace, absorbing heat and thereby cooling it. This method is particularly suitable for high-temperature processes and for cooling specific raw materials. Types of cooling gases include nitrogen, helium, and argon.

The cooling method for a heating furnace is selected based on the raw materials used and the process requirements. We select the appropriate cooling method by taking into account factors such as cooling rate, cooling uniformity, and energy efficiency.

Production Method

Batch-type heating furnace

A batch-type heating furnace is a system that heats a fixed amount of raw material (a batch) at a time. The raw material is loaded into the furnace, undergoes a series of heating processes, and is then removed. The heating time and temperature can be adjusted for each process. Operation is required for each batch, and the amount of raw material that can be processed at one time is limited. It is possible to change the conditions for each processing cycle.

Continuous-flow furnace

A continuous heating furnace is a system in which raw materials are fed continuously and heated at a constant rate. The raw materials pass through the furnace and are processed as they move through a series of heating zones. Because of the continuous feeding and discharge, this method offers higher productivity than batch-type furnaces. The heating time and temperature remain constant, ensuring consistent quality throughout the entire process.

Tubular furnace

A tubular furnace is a type of furnace in which raw materials are fed through a long tube that is heated from the outside. The raw materials flow at a constant speed and pass through the heating zone. Tubular furnaces are a type of continuous heating furnace, enabling continuous feeding and consistent quality. Furthermore, by controlling the shape of the tube and the flow of the raw material, specific reactions and heat treatments can be achieved.

Lift-Type Heating Furnace

A lift-type heating furnace is a system that heats raw materials using a lift-type platform equipped with a heating zone. The raw materials are placed on the platform and heated while being raised or lowered as needed. This method enables uniform heating of the bottom and sides of the raw materials and is well-suited for processing materials with complex shapes or large dimensions.

Rotary Kiln

This method involves heating the raw materials while rotating them. Heating the raw materials while rotating them ensures even heating and uniformity.Click here for more details

Atmospheric gas

  • It is compatible with atmospheric conditions.
  • Inert gas atmospheres are supported. Examples include nitrogen and argon.
  • Oxidizing gas atmospheres are supported. These include oxygen and water vapor. Please contact us for information regarding oxygen concentration.
  • We can accommodate reducing gas atmospheres. Options include hydrogen and specialty gases; please contact us for details regarding concentrations and gas properties.

Heating Furnace Product Lineup

Automatic Conveyor-Type Heating Furnace

Heating equipment for irregularly shaped materials. This specialized heating equipment includes processes such as conveying the materials to the next stage after heating, moving the furnace itself, or retrieving and conveying the materials using robotic arms. View Product Details

Vacuum Furnace

This vacuum furnace is designed for drying ceramic raw materials, as well as for firing and drying special metals.View Product Details

Mesh Belt Oven

This is a mesh belt oven designed for the continuous drying and firing of irregularly shaped materials.View Product Details

Annealing Furnace

We provide energy-saving, high-efficiency continuous annealing equipment that enables bright annealing in an inert atmosphere by directly reducing and burning enameled or aluminum wire with fuel gas. View Product Details

Firing Kiln

We offer an energy-efficient, high-speed enameled wire baking furnace that operates by combining a direct-fired burner with a catalytic combustion heat recovery system. View Product Details

Vertical High-Temperature Furnace

This is a high-temperature vertical heating furnace (crucible type) equipped with carbon heaters. View Product Details

Lineup of Auxiliary Equipment for Heating Furnaces

Conveyor System

This is a comprehensive system that combines a furnace and a conveyor system. We can also design conveyor systems to transport materials between heating furnaces. View Product Details

Exhaust System

We can design and manufacture gas-fired exhaust systems. View Product Details

Air-Fuel Ratio Control Device

This is a preset-type device that uses touch panel controls to determine the opening of the gas and air control dampers to regulate the air-fuel ratio. View Product Details

Implementation Process

  • Based on the customer’s request, we will review the specifications and prepare a quote (if the raw material is one that Tanabe has not handled before, we will conduct verification tests to proceed with the specification review).
  • We will provide you with a proposal outlining the equipment specifications and costs.
  • Once we receive an order from a customer, we will begin the design and manufacturing process.
  • If there are any changes to your order, please repeat steps 1 through 3 above in accordance with the changes.
  • After manufacturing is complete, the equipment will be delivered to the site, where installation and commissioning will be carried out, completing the equipment implementation process.

Validation Test

We can conduct validation tests for equipment installation based on your heat treatment needs, whether for research and development purposes (such as product improvement or the development of next-generation powders) or to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a rotary kiln system.

Test Procedure Flow

  • Meeting: We will discuss the purpose of the test and your requirements during the meeting.
  • Test Plan Development: Based on the results of our meeting, we will develop a test plan that meets the client's needs.
  • Incorporation into Equipment Specifications: We will conduct the test in the presence of the customer. We can also accommodate batch testing.
  • Test Administration: We will organize the data—such as temperature conditions and processing times—and evaluate how the results compared to the plan.
  • Summary of Results Evaluation Data: We will incorporate the test results into the equipment specifications and submit a proposal for those specifications.

Demonstration Tests and Trials

After-Sales Service

We are performing maintenance on the equipment we have installed. Please let us know whenever you need service, whether it’s every six months or annually. We can tailor our proposals to meet your specific needs, whether you require us to dispatch only a supervisor or include field technicians.

Frequently Asked Questions

Methods for measuring and controlling furnace temperature are

Furnace temperature measurement is primarily performed by either installing a temperature sensor inside the furnace or using a non-contact method, such as an infrared thermometer. The control system is connected to the temperature sensor and performs automatic control based on the data it provides.

What kinds of facilities can you build?

There is a wide variety of heating furnaces, including heating furnaces and vacuum furnaces. They vary in terms of temperature, size, materials used, and atmosphere. We provide custom-built equipment and facilities tailored to our customers’ needs.

Can you make it explosion-proof?

The heating furnace itself cannot be made explosion-proof. However, it is possible to select explosion-proof versions of some instrumentation and other equipment.

Do you have any testing equipment?

We have a small-scale test furnace. We conduct tests while taking the customer’s specific requirements into account. We perform tests under various conditions, including the required sample quantity, temperature, and atmosphere. The testing facility is located at our headquarters in Itoigawa City, Niigata Prefecture.

Do you have a track record of shipping products overseas?

We have a track record of delivering products to various countries. For heating furnaces, most of our projects have been in Asia, though we also have a track record in the United States and France.

What types of furnace atmospheres are possible?

The furnace atmosphere is primarily atmospheric or inert. We can accommodate gases such as argon and nitrogen.

Will you be able to provide maintenance support?

We provide maintenance support. We conduct semi-annual and annual inspections based on our recommendations and in accordance with our customers’ requests. If your business or factory has its own equipment maintenance staff, we may dispatch only our instructors to work collaboratively with your team. We also offer support that includes your own staff.

What is the maximum size?

In terms of our track record, the largest unit we have ever manufactured—though it was assembled in sections—was a disc-shaped heating furnace measuring 17 m × 11 m × 2 m (H). This system involves placing the items to be processed in a designated location, then installing boxes equipped with heaters so that they cover the items from above, and finally connecting the sections together. Since heating furnaces come in a wide variety of specifications, we listen carefully to our customers’ needs and provide the most suitable solution.

HEATING FURNACE

Heating Furnace

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